Vitamin B12

Vitamin B12, also referred to as Cobalamin, is a water soluble vitamin in the B family. In a solid form, it is bright red. It is referred to as B12 because it was the latest vitamin from the B family to be discovered. Common sources of Vitamin B12 are meat, fish, eggs, shellfish, milk and most dairy products. Vitamin B12 helps create energy in the body through the metabolism of carbohydrates. It also important in helping with the nervous system and blood cell regeneration.

Deficiency is not common in the western world, but the elderly may be at risk of Vitamin B12 deficiency. If you have a deficiency of Vitamin B12, it can effect every part of the body. Some of the symptoms that you may experience include:

Effects on the brain and nervous system - If you don't have enough Vitamin B12 in your diet, you could end up experiencing the following symptoms- memory loss, disorientation, dementia, moodiness, confusion and delusions. A vitamin B12 deficiency can also lead to you suffering from a lack of muscle coordination.

Effects on the gastrointestinal system - A deficiency of Vitamin B12 can have a drastic effect on your gastrointestinal system. You may feel a loss of appetite. A long term deficiency can lead to cancer of the throat or esophagus. A lack of Vitamin B12 could also lead to you suffering nausea and diarrhea.

Effects on the cardiovascular system - If you have had a deficiency of Vitamin B2 for a long time, you could suffer from breathlessness and fatigue. If you have a deficiency for too long, it can lead to heart disease. A lack of Vitamin B12 can also lead to you possibly suffering from anemia.

There are no documented and known side-effects from excess consumption of Vitamin B12.